Diabetes Care：食用红肉使妊娠期糖尿病风险大增
2013-02-26 Diabetes Care CDS糖尿病在线
美国国立卫生研究院Cuilin Zhang等开展的一项前瞻性队列研究表明，妊娠期动物蛋白尤其红肉摄入量较高者患妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的风险显著增加，而多摄入植物蛋白（如坚果）则有助降低GDM风险。研究于2013年2月12日在线发表于《糖尿病护理》（Diabetes Care）杂志。 研究者对护士健康研究Ⅱ中15294例受试者十年期间的21457次单胎妊娠进行了分析，受试者怀孕前均无慢性疾
美国国立卫生研究院Cuilin Zhang等开展的一项前瞻性队列研究表明，妊娠期动物蛋白尤其红肉摄入量较高者患妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的风险显著增加，而多摄入植物蛋白（如坚果）则有助降低GDM风险。研究于2013年2月12日在线发表于《糖尿病护理》（Diabetes Care）杂志。
研究者对护士健康研究Ⅱ中15294例受试者十年期间的21457次单胎妊娠进行了分析，受试者怀孕前均无慢性疾病或GDM病史。分析结果显示，校正年龄、奇偶性、非饮食和饮食因素及体质指数后，与摄入量最低五分位者相比，动物蛋白和植物蛋白摄入量处于最高五分位者患GDM的风险分别升高49%和降低31%。以能量计算，若5%的动物蛋白以植物蛋白替代，则GDM风险降低51%。就主要膳食蛋白来源来看，红肉和坚果摄入量处于最高五分位者患GDM的风险分别升高1.05倍和降低27%。以家禽、鱼、坚果或豆类替代红肉可显著降低GDM风险。
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A prospective cohort study
OBJECTIVE Dietary protein is an important modulator of glucose metabolism. However, studies regarding the association between dietary protein intake and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk are sparse. This study was to examine the association.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Our study included 21,457 singleton pregnancies reported among 15,294 participants of the Nurses' Health Study II cohort between 1991 and 2001. Included pregnancies were free of chronic diseases before pregnancy or previous GDM. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs.
RESULTS After adjustment for age, parity, nondietary and dietary factors, and BMI, multivariable RRs (95% CIs) comparing the highest with lowest quintiles were 1.49 (1.03–2.17) for animal protein intake and 0.69 (0.50–0.97) for vegetable protein intake. The substitution of 5% energy from vegetable protein for animal protein was associated with a 51% lower risk of GDM (RR (95% CI), 0.49 (0.29–0.84)). For major dietary protein sources, multivariable RRs (95% CIs) comparing the highest with the lowest quintiles were 2.05 (1.55–2.73) for total red meat and 0.73 (0.56–0.95) for nuts, respectively. The substitution of red meat with poultry, fish, nuts, or legumes showed a significantly lower risk of GDM.
CONCLUSIONS Higher intake of animal protein, in particular red meat, was significantly associated with a greater risk of GDM. By contrast, higher intake of vegetable protein, specifically nuts, was associated with a significantly lower risk. Substitution of vegetable protein for animal protein, as well as substitution of some healthy protein sources for red meat, was associated with a lower risk of GDM.
作者：Diabetes Care
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